Eschwege DP Camp was located in a former air base near Frankfurt in the American zone of occupation. With around 3000 Jewish DPs, Eschwege constituted one of the biggest Jewish DP communities in Germany.

The camp opened in the beginning of 1946 and soon formed a very well organized community. There was a cinema, a theatre and sports facilities.  The camp maintained a number of synagogues and religious schools. There was also a large kindergarten and an elementary school. An orphanage was organized in a castle, a former TB sanatorium, in nearby Schwebda. It housed almost 200 children, mainly from Poland, aged from one to sixteen. The school in the orphanage lacked the basic educational tools and some of the teachers had to learn German in order to use German textbooks as none other were available.The camp also maintained a kibbutz which prepared young DPs for emigration. An important part in this preparation was played by the ORT vocational school. In the end of 1947 the school had 220 students attending courses which included radio technology, electrical engineering, dental technology auto mechanics and dressmaking. Special classes were organized for the kibbutzniks. The director of the school was Artur Gutkind.

Eschwege DP camp was closed in April 1949.