Before the war, the Jewish population of the city of Krakow, in southern Poland, numbered 70,000 people. During the war, the community was gathered in the ghetto and later deported to death camps. After the war, Krakow became one of the important sites of ORT's vocational training. During the school year 1947/48, more than 200 graduates concluded their training in Krakow’s 13 ORT training workshops and vocational courses. Seventy-seven of them formed five cooperative societies in radio technology, shoe-upper manufacture, dressmaking, leather work and millinery.  ORT also established in Krakow a graduate school for cinema technique. ORT Bulletin from January 1950 reported: ‘The most recent installation of Polish ORT, a graduate school for cinema technique in Krakow, has aroused the interest of administrative and industrial circles in Poland. This school, located in one of the town’s most beautiful buildings, provides a four year curriculum for youths 14 to 16 years old, who had primary school education, and a two year curriculum for young people, 17 to 22 years of age, who had six years of secondary schooling. The ‘Film Polski’ [Polish Film] company placed the equipment of its technical workshops, the projection apparatus and projection rooms at ORT’s disposal…All graduates are assured of jobs in the Polish film industry.'[1]